Though located in various oceans, many Small Island Developing States (SIDS) share a major common feature: they are among the most exposed nations to natural hazards and climate change. SIDS are also characterized by insularity and geographic remoteness, as well as small geographic area, economies, and population, all of which increase their social and economic vulnerability. Natural hazards across SIDS incur high average annual losses relative to national GDPs and climate change is expected to significantly exacerbate current risks. Moreover, a single event can have devastating impacts on the relatively small economies of SIDS leading to development achieved over many years of work and investments to retrocede. The transport sector, critical to the economy and society of SIDS, is often the main infrastructure sector in these countries. Strengthening the resilience of the transport sector will have multiplier effects in building the resilience in SIDS. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase the resilience of the transport sector in the face of a changing climate and increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.