This report analyzes Colombia’s standing as an equitable society. An equitable society is defined as one in which individuals have equal opportunities to pursue a life of their choosing, regardless of the circumstances they were born into, and they are not subject to poverty (World Bank 2005). This report documents and describes the main sources of inequality in Colombia, identifies the drivers of those disparities, and proposes a menu of policy options to address the causes of inequality and to promote a more equitable society.